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tests/test_formats.py
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288
tests/test_formats.py
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"""TLE / OMM format conversion tests.
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Round-trip checks: ``parse_tle -> tle_from_gp`` should reproduce the underlying
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orbit (compared via sgp4) to within float tolerance. OMM XML rendering must
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emit every CCSDS-mandatory field, and the parser must handle the real-world
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``<ndm>`` wrapper Space-Track ships in its archive exports.
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"""
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from __future__ import annotations
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import math
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import pytest
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from sgp4.api import Satrec
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from odm import (
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OmmRecord,
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as_omm_xml,
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as_txt_txt,
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as_plaintext,
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omm_xml_to_records,
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parse_tle,
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tle_from_gp,
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)
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ISS = (
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"ISS (ZARYA)",
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"1 25544U 98067A 24070.50000000 .00012345 00000-0 22000-3 0 9991",
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"2 25544 51.6400 200.0000 0001234 90.0000 270.0000 15.50000000400000",
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)
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NOAA15 = (
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"NOAA 15",
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"1 25338U 98030A 24070.20000000 .00000050 00000-0 31000-4 0 9990",
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"2 25338 98.7000 100.0000 0010000 10.0000 350.0000 14.26000000900000",
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)
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# Real-world Space-Track archive sample (verbatim from user-supplied issue),
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# trimmed to two records to keep the test fast.
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SPACETRACK_ARCHIVE_XML = """\
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<ndm xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="https://sanaregistry.org/r/ndmxml_unqualified/ndmxml-3.0.0-master-3.0.xsd">
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<omm id="CCSDS_OMM_VERS" version="3.0">
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<header>
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<COMMENT>GENERATED VIA SPACE-TRACK.ORG API</COMMENT>
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<CREATION_DATE>2026-01-08T05:20:27</CREATION_DATE>
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<ORIGINATOR>18 SPCS</ORIGINATOR>
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</header>
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<body>
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<segment>
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<metadata>
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<OBJECT_NAME>TBA - TO BE ASSIGNED</OBJECT_NAME>
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<OBJECT_ID>2025-313AU</OBJECT_ID>
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<CENTER_NAME>EARTH</CENTER_NAME>
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<REF_FRAME>TEME</REF_FRAME>
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<TIME_SYSTEM>UTC</TIME_SYSTEM>
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<MEAN_ELEMENT_THEORY>SGP4</MEAN_ELEMENT_THEORY>
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</metadata>
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<data>
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<meanElements>
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<EPOCH>2026-01-06T22:50:56.049504</EPOCH>
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<MEAN_MOTION>15.21286088</MEAN_MOTION>
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<ECCENTRICITY>0.00095778</ECCENTRICITY>
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<INCLINATION>97.4119</INCLINATION>
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<RA_OF_ASC_NODE>84.2715</RA_OF_ASC_NODE>
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<ARG_OF_PERICENTER>195.9225</ARG_OF_PERICENTER>
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<MEAN_ANOMALY>164.1711</MEAN_ANOMALY>
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</meanElements>
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<tleParameters>
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<EPHEMERIS_TYPE>0</EPHEMERIS_TYPE>
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<CLASSIFICATION_TYPE>U</CLASSIFICATION_TYPE>
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<NORAD_CAT_ID>67290</NORAD_CAT_ID>
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<ELEMENT_SET_NO>999</ELEMENT_SET_NO>
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<REV_AT_EPOCH>143</REV_AT_EPOCH>
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<BSTAR>0.00053078883000</BSTAR>
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<MEAN_MOTION_DOT>0.00011823</MEAN_MOTION_DOT>
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<MEAN_MOTION_DDOT>0.0000000000000</MEAN_MOTION_DDOT>
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</tleParameters>
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<userDefinedParameters>
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<USER_DEFINED parameter="SEMIMAJOR_AXIS">6880.097</USER_DEFINED>
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<USER_DEFINED parameter="PERIOD">94.657</USER_DEFINED>
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<USER_DEFINED parameter="APOAPSIS">508.552</USER_DEFINED>
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<USER_DEFINED parameter="PERIAPSIS">495.373</USER_DEFINED>
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<USER_DEFINED parameter="OBJECT_TYPE">UNKNOWN</USER_DEFINED>
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<USER_DEFINED parameter="RCS_SIZE"/>
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<USER_DEFINED parameter="COUNTRY_CODE"/>
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<USER_DEFINED parameter="LAUNCH_DATE"/>
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<USER_DEFINED parameter="SITE"/>
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<USER_DEFINED parameter="DECAY_DATE"/>
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<USER_DEFINED parameter="FILE">4962752</USER_DEFINED>
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<USER_DEFINED parameter="GP_ID">308346717</USER_DEFINED>
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</userDefinedParameters>
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</data>
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</segment>
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</body>
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</omm>
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<omm id="CCSDS_OMM_VERS" version="3.0">
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<header>
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<COMMENT>GENERATED VIA SPACE-TRACK.ORG API</COMMENT>
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<CREATION_DATE>2026-01-08T15:46:24</CREATION_DATE>
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<ORIGINATOR>18 SPCS</ORIGINATOR>
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</header>
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<body>
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<segment>
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<metadata>
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<OBJECT_NAME>TBA - TO BE ASSIGNED</OBJECT_NAME>
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<OBJECT_ID>2025-313AU</OBJECT_ID>
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<CENTER_NAME>EARTH</CENTER_NAME>
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<REF_FRAME>TEME</REF_FRAME>
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<TIME_SYSTEM>UTC</TIME_SYSTEM>
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<MEAN_ELEMENT_THEORY>SGP4</MEAN_ELEMENT_THEORY>
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</metadata>
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<data>
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<meanElements>
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<EPOCH>2026-01-08T11:09:24.647040</EPOCH>
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<MEAN_MOTION>15.21321390</MEAN_MOTION>
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<ECCENTRICITY>0.00096980</ECCENTRICITY>
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<INCLINATION>97.4116</INCLINATION>
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<RA_OF_ASC_NODE>85.7604</RA_OF_ASC_NODE>
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<ARG_OF_PERICENTER>190.1005</ARG_OF_PERICENTER>
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<MEAN_ANOMALY>170.0038</MEAN_ANOMALY>
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</meanElements>
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<tleParameters>
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<EPHEMERIS_TYPE>0</EPHEMERIS_TYPE>
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<CLASSIFICATION_TYPE>U</CLASSIFICATION_TYPE>
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<NORAD_CAT_ID>67290</NORAD_CAT_ID>
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<ELEMENT_SET_NO>999</ELEMENT_SET_NO>
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<REV_AT_EPOCH>166</REV_AT_EPOCH>
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<BSTAR>0.00055242000000</BSTAR>
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<MEAN_MOTION_DOT>0.00012321</MEAN_MOTION_DOT>
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<MEAN_MOTION_DDOT>0.0000000000000</MEAN_MOTION_DDOT>
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</tleParameters>
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</data>
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</segment>
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</body>
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</omm>
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</ndm>
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"""
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@pytest.mark.parametrize("name,l1,l2", [ISS, NOAA15])
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def test_parse_tle_yields_expected_omm(name, l1, l2):
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parsed = parse_tle(name, l1, l2)
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assert parsed.omm["NORAD_CAT_ID"] == int(l1[2:7])
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assert math.isclose(parsed.omm["INCLINATION"], float(l2[8:16]), abs_tol=1e-4)
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@pytest.mark.parametrize("name,l1,l2", [ISS, NOAA15])
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def test_round_trip_preserves_orbit(name, l1, l2):
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parsed = parse_tle(name, l1, l2)
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name_out, l1_out, l2_out = tle_from_gp(parsed.omm)
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assert l1_out.startswith("1 ")
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assert l2_out.startswith("2 ")
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assert len(l1_out) == 69
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assert len(l2_out) == 69
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sat_a = Satrec.twoline2rv(l1, l2)
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sat_b = Satrec.twoline2rv(l1_out, l2_out)
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assert sat_a.satnum == sat_b.satnum
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assert math.isclose(sat_a.inclo, sat_b.inclo, abs_tol=1e-5)
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assert math.isclose(sat_a.nodeo, sat_b.nodeo, abs_tol=1e-5)
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assert math.isclose(sat_a.ecco, sat_b.ecco, abs_tol=1e-7)
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assert math.isclose(sat_a.argpo, sat_b.argpo, abs_tol=1e-5)
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assert math.isclose(sat_a.mo, sat_b.mo, abs_tol=1e-5)
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assert math.isclose(sat_a.no_kozai, sat_b.no_kozai, abs_tol=1e-7)
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def test_txt_txt_format():
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name, l1, l2 = ISS
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parsed = parse_tle(name, l1, l2)
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out = as_txt_txt([(parsed.name, parsed.line1, parsed.line2)])
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lines = out.split("\r\n")
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assert lines[0] == parsed.name[:24].ljust(24)
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assert lines[1] == parsed.line1
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assert lines[2] == parsed.line2
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assert lines[3] == ""
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def test_plaintext_format_has_trailing_newline():
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out = as_plaintext(*ISS)
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assert out.endswith("\n")
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assert out.count("\n") == 3
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def test_omm_xml_contains_all_mandatory_fields():
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parsed = parse_tle(*ISS)
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rec = OmmRecord(
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omm=parsed.omm,
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object_name=parsed.name,
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object_id=parsed.omm["OBJECT_ID"],
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originator="YKSA",
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mean_element_theory="SGP4",
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)
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xml = as_omm_xml([rec], originator="YKSA")
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assert xml.startswith("<?xml")
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assert "<omm" in xml and 'id="CCSDS_OMM_VERS"' in xml and 'version="3.0"' in xml
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assert "<CREATION_DATE>" in xml
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assert "<ORIGINATOR>YKSA</ORIGINATOR>" in xml
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for field in (
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"OBJECT_NAME", "OBJECT_ID", "CENTER_NAME", "REF_FRAME",
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"TIME_SYSTEM", "MEAN_ELEMENT_THEORY",
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):
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assert f"<{field}>" in xml, f"missing mandatory metadata field {field}"
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for field in (
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"EPOCH", "MEAN_MOTION", "ECCENTRICITY", "INCLINATION",
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"RA_OF_ASC_NODE", "ARG_OF_PERICENTER", "MEAN_ANOMALY",
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):
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assert f"<{field}>" in xml, f"missing mandatory meanElements field {field}"
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assert "<tleParameters>" in xml
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for field in ("NORAD_CAT_ID", "BSTAR", "MEAN_MOTION_DOT"):
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assert f"<{field}>" in xml
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def test_omm_xml_round_trip_preserves_orbit():
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parsed = parse_tle(*ISS)
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rec = OmmRecord(
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omm=parsed.omm,
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object_name=parsed.name,
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object_id=parsed.omm["OBJECT_ID"],
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mean_element_theory="SGP4",
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)
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xml = as_omm_xml([rec])
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parsed_back = list(omm_xml_to_records(xml))
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assert len(parsed_back) == 1
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rt = parsed_back[0]
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assert rt.object_name == parsed.name
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assert rt.mean_element_theory == "SGP4"
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assert rt.ref_frame == "TEME"
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assert math.isclose(rt.omm["INCLINATION"], parsed.omm["INCLINATION"], abs_tol=1e-9)
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assert math.isclose(rt.omm["MEAN_MOTION"], parsed.omm["MEAN_MOTION"], abs_tol=1e-12)
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# NORAD_CAT_ID round-trips through OMM XML as a string (to accommodate the
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# future alphanumeric Space-Track catalog IDs).
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assert str(rt.omm["NORAD_CAT_ID"]) == str(parsed.omm["NORAD_CAT_ID"])
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def test_omm_xml_omits_tle_params_for_non_sgp_theories():
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parsed = parse_tle(*ISS)
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rec = OmmRecord(
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omm=parsed.omm,
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object_name=parsed.name,
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object_id=parsed.omm["OBJECT_ID"],
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mean_element_theory="DSST",
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)
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xml = as_omm_xml([rec])
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assert "<tleParameters>" not in xml
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assert "<MEAN_ELEMENT_THEORY>DSST</MEAN_ELEMENT_THEORY>" in xml
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def test_omm_xml_parses_spacetrack_archive_format():
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"""The Space-Track archive ships <ndm>-wrapped multi-document OMM with an
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undeclared xsi: prefix and a vendor-specific <userDefinedParameters> block.
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All three must be tolerated without losing structured data.
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"""
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records = list(omm_xml_to_records(SPACETRACK_ARCHIVE_XML))
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assert len(records) == 2
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a, b = records
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# First record's precise numeric fields must survive verbatim -- this is
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# the exact reason we treat OMM as canonical instead of round-tripping
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# through TLE line 1.
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assert a.omm["NORAD_CAT_ID"] == "67290"
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assert math.isclose(a.omm["MEAN_MOTION_DOT"], 0.00011823, abs_tol=1e-12)
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assert math.isclose(a.omm["BSTAR"], 0.00053078883, abs_tol=1e-14)
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assert math.isclose(a.omm["MEAN_MOTION"], 15.21286088, abs_tol=1e-12)
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# Second record carries its own creation date -- header context must be
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# per-OMM, not shared across the whole <ndm>.
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assert b.omm["NORAD_CAT_ID"] == "67290"
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assert math.isclose(b.omm["BSTAR"], 0.00055242, abs_tol=1e-14)
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# Metadata from the segment must be threaded through correctly.
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assert a.mean_element_theory == "SGP4"
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assert a.ref_frame == "TEME"
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assert a.originator == "18 SPCS"
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assert a.object_id == "2025-313AU"
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# The original <omm> chunk must be preserved verbatim so we can hand it
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# back to API consumers unchanged. The userDefinedParameters block must
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# still be present in the stored XML even though we discard it from the
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# structured dict.
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assert "<omm" in a.omm_xml and "</omm>" in a.omm_xml
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assert "userDefinedParameters" in a.omm_xml
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assert "SEMIMAJOR_AXIS" in a.omm_xml
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